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Knowing The Brain Part and Its Function for the Body

The brain is one of the organs whose function is very significant for humans. The brain consists of more than one member with their respective functions. Each member of the brain has a special task that affects the working system of various organs of the body.

The brain is one of the most complex organs in the human body. This organ is composed of a number of supporting tissues and billions of interconnected nerve cells. The brain is protected by an arrangement of wrappers called the membranes of the brain (meninges) and skull bones, as well as access to the spinal cord.

Getting to Know The Brain Part and Its Functions For the Body - Alodokter

Together with the spinal cord, the brain acts as the control center of the body and composes the central nervous system (CNS). It is this nervous system that then works similarly to the peripheral nervous system to give human strength in carrying out various activities, such as walking, talking, breathing, to eating and drinking.

Parts of the Brain and Its Functions
The brain has 3 main members, namely the cerebrum, cerebellum, and brainstem. Here's an explanation:

Cerebrum
The cerebrum is the largest member of the brain. The cerebrum is divided into two parts: the right brain and the left brain. The right hemisphere is useful to control movement on the left side of the body and the left hemisphere controls movement on the right side of the body.

The outer surface of the cerebrum is called the cerebral cortex. This part is an area of the brain where nerve cells make connections called synapses. Synapses are the nervous system that controls brain activity.

While the members in the cerebrum have a content of veiled nerve cells (myelin) that play a role in providing info between the brain and spinal cord. The large brain is re-divided into 4 parts, namely:

The frontal lobe (front) that controls movement, speech, behavior, memory, emotion, and personality. This part of the brain plays a role in intellectual function, such as thinking, reasoning, problem solving, decision making, and planning.
The parietal lobe (top) that controls sensation, like touch, pressure, pain, and temperature. This lobe includes controlling spatial orientation or understanding of size, shape, and direction.
The temporal lobe (side) that controls the auditory, memory, and emotional senses. The left temporal lobe includes a role in the function of speech.
The occipital (rear) lobe that controls the function of vision.
Cerebellum
The small brain is located below the large brain in the hind limbs of the brain, precisely below the occipital lobe. Just like a big brain, the small brain includes having 2 hemispheres.

The small brain is responsible for controlling movement, maintaining balance, as well as adjusting the position and coordination of body movements. This part of the brain plays a role in controlling subtle movements, such as writing and painting.

Brainstem

The brain stem is a bundle of nerve tissue in the basic brain. It functions as a transmitter station that connects the large brain to the spinal cord, as well as sending and receiving messages between various limbs and the brain.

The brain stem consists of 3 main arrangements, namely the middle brain, pons, and medulla oblongata. The moderate brain is the center of movement control of the eye muscles, but pons are involved in coordinating eye movements and facial muscles, hearing, and balance.

Other Important Parts of the Brain
In addition to the three main arrangements above, there are other parts of the brain that are no less important, namely:

1. Cerebrospinal fluid
The cerebrospinal fluid is clear and clear in color that rotates and maintains the brain and spinal cord. In addition to maintaining the brain and spinal cord, this fluid is useful to carry nutrients through the blood to the brain, as well as getting rid of waste products or residual metabolism from the brain.

Cerebrospinal fluid is produced in the ventricle members of the brain. The quantity of fluid is controlled by brain tissue.

2. Meninges

Meninges are arrangements or membranes not thick that are useful in covering and maintaining the brain and spinal cord. There are 3 arrangements of meninges, namely dura mater (thickest outer layer), arachnoid arrangement (medium and thin membrane), and pia mater (inner layer).

3. Corpus Callosum

The Corpus Callosum is a bundle of nerve fibers found between the left and right hemispheres of the brain. These nerve fibers connect and it is very likely that communication between the two hemispheres of the brain.

4. Talamus

This part is an arrangement of the medium brain that has 2 lobes (parts). Talamus performs the act as a transmitter for almost all info that stops and runs between the brain and the entire nervous system in the body.

5. Hypothalamus

The hypothalamus is a small arrangement that is in the medium brain, precisely under the taro. Its function is to control body temperature, reproductive system, blood pressure, emotions, appetite, sleep patterns, and hormone production.

6. Pituitary gland (pituitary gland)

The pituitary gland or pituitary is a small organ the size of a pea located in the base of the brain. The pituitary gland produces hormones that are useful to adjust and stimulate other glands in the body to work. Examples of glands regulated by the pituitary are the thyroid and adrenal glands.


The hormones produced are pituitary gland prolactin, oxytocin, LH, FSH, TSH, antidiuretic, adrekortikotropin, and growth hormone.

7. Ventricles

The ventricle is a chamber containing fluid inside the brain. There are 4 ventricles of the brain, namely 2 side ventricles in the large cerebral hemisphere, in the medium brain, and behind the brain. Ventricles access each other's similar by a series of tubes. It is this fluid inside the ventricle called cerebrospinal fluid.

8. Pineal gland

The pineal gland is a small gland located in the ventricle of the brain. These glands play a role in the growth of the reproductive system and produce the hormone melatonin which affects daily sleep patterns.
However, beyond these functions, the function of this gland is not yet thoroughly known and remains under further research.

9. Cranial nerves

There are 12 uses of cranial nerves with special functions in the head and neck area. The first use of cranial nerves is in the large brain, but the other 11 are in the brain stem.
Cranial nerve functions include controlling the movement of the eyes and facial muscles, affecting the senses of taste and hearing, maintaining body balance, and controlling the muscles and performance of organs in the body.

10. Limbic system

This system plays a role in controlling anger and alertness and affecting the power of memory.

Due to the complex and sophisticated functioning of the brain, until now the power and function of the brain is not yet fully known. That is the reason why there is still a lot of research that is completed to know more about the function of each member of the brain.

To maintain brain health, you are recommended to exercise regularly, consume balanced nutritious foods, train brain power with brain gymnastics, maintain blood pressure and measure sugar and cholesterol, and stay away from cigarettes and alcoholic beverages.

In addition, you are required to routinely carry out health checks to the doctor to monitor the function and condition of brain health. This is important to be resolved so that brain abnormalities are able to be quickly detected and treated from the beginning, before when inviting impaired brain function.

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